Infrastructure Inequality: Who Pays the Cost of Road Roughness? – AEI

“These estimates suggest the roughness of the median local road in the US generates welfare losses to drivers of at least 31 cents per driver-mile. Roads are worse near coasts, and in poorer towns and in poorer neighborhoods, even within towns. We find that a household that drives 3,000 miles annually on predominantly local roads will suffer $318 per year more in driving pain if they live in a predominantly Black neighborhood than in a predominantly White neighborhood.”

It would be interesting to see a similar distributional study of who pays for, and benefits from, toll roads and express lanes, focusing on economic status of taxpayers/funders and users:

List of toll roads in the United States – Wiki

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